KS employees Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP MS) and Atomic Absorption (AA) instrumentation to perform trace metal analysis on samples such as those listed above.  Highly sensitive, quantitative and semi-quantitative results can be achieved, to the parts per billion (ppb) detection limit.  

As a CLIA-certified laboratory, KSL has validated assays for eighteen trace metals in serum.  These trace metals are; aluminum, antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, strontium, thallium, tin and zinc.  Validated assays for are available on urine, with to be added in the the near future.  

KS is currently developing assays for platinum, titanium and palladium to be used on a research or non-human analysis.  Most elements can be detected using the ICP MS instrument.  For non-human samples, any trace metal can be detected in a wide range of specimens from various matrices.  

Click here to contact Kronos about Trace Metal Analysis.

Element/Metal	Symbol	Description
Aluminum	Al	Aluminum is a metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.
Antimony	Sb	Antimony is a metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes.
Arsenic	As	Arsenic is a shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens
Beryllium	Be	Beryllium is an element with the atomic symbol Be, atomic number 4, and atomic weight 9.01218. Short exposure to this element can lead to a type of poisoning known as berylliosis.
Cadmium	Cd	Cadmium is an element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 114. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to cadmium poisioning.
Chromium	Cr	Chromium is a trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52
Cobalt	Co	Cobalt is a trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in alloys and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.
Copper	Cu	Cooper is a heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
Lead	Pb	Lead is a soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.19, symbol Pb
Manganese	Mn	Manganese is a trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver
Mercury	Hg	Mercury is a silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING.
Molybdenum	Mo	Molybdenum is a metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.94. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase
Nickel	Ni	Nickel is a trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme urease.
Selenium	Se	Selenium is an element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.96. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of glutathione peroxidase.
Strontium	Sr	Strontium is an element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.
Thallium	Tl	Thallium is a heavy, soft, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight 204.37, symbol Tl
Tin	Sn	Tin is a trace element that is required in bone formation. It has the atomic symbol Sn, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 118.71.
Zinc	Zn	Zinc is a metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.